“INTI RAYMI” FESTIVAL OF THE SUN

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Inti Raymi (word in Quechua) festival of the sun, is an ancient Andean celebration that dates back to the year 1430. It was established by the Inca Pachacútec to honor the main divinity of the Inca empire: the Sun God, the Inti Raymi, in the Inca era It was celebrated on June 21, with the beginning of the winter solstice, This party was very important in which there were dances, ceremonies, and sacrifices. Upon the arrival of the Spanish, this date was changed to June 24 with a religious festival of San Juan Bautista. Currently, the Festival of the Sun or Inti Raymi is celebrated on June 24 of each year, since in the government of President A. Leguía this date had been decreed as the “Day of the farmer”. In addition, June 24 is the festival of San Juan, which represented a non-working day and therefore facilitated the presence of the public, which in turn brings together these important dates for the holidays, and thus this celebration of the Inti Raymi is established every June 24.

This party was decreed in the year 1944 by the Cuzco artist Fausto Espinoza who made a reconstruction based on the chronicles written by Garcilaso de la Vega (The Royal Comments) to attract the tourist flow to the city, From that date onwards (1944), a ceremony is again a public event and a great national and international tourist attraction. Over the years, it became one of the most important and traditional festivals in Peru. It should be noted that, in 2001, the Inti Raymi festival was declared Cultural Heritage of the Nation. Formerly the Inti Raymi had a duration of 15 days according to the compilation of the chronicles of Garcilaso de la Vega and began with the winter season. Today it lasts about 8 hours.

The festivity has 3 scenarios for its development: the Qoricancha or Temple of the Sun, the Plaza de Armas of Cusco, and, finally, Sacsayhuaman.

Inti Raymi Festival begins with staging from the Temple of the Sun Qoricancha, where they make a ceremony of approximately 2 hours, between dances, offerings, etc. It is there that the Inca (the son of the sun) gives the beginning of the winter solstice, they also give the beginning of one of the most important festivity of the Andean culture. After the ceremony, they leave the temple of the sun passing through Inca streets until they reach the Huacaypata, currently known as the Plaza de Armas, where worship of the sun god is performed, between songs and dances that last approximately 3 hours after leaving the temple of the sun. The tour continues through the Inca streets until finally reaching the Sacsayhuaman Fortress where this place becomes the most important setting for this important celebration. Here all thanks to the Sun God is given, with rites celebrated by the Incas and whose dances arrived from the 4 of them, is admired by all the attendees from all over the world.